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Electroencephalographic patterns in a mechanically ventilated cat with permethrin intoxication.

Samuel Okonji1, Cecilia Bulgarelli1, Roberta Troìa1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy.

JFMS Open Reports
|April 3, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Permethrin intoxication in cats can cause status epilepticus, requiring intensive care. Continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) monitoring is crucial for guiding treatment decisions in affected felines.

Keywords:
Antiseizure drugintravenous lipid emulsionnon-convulsive status epilepticussynthetic pyrethroids

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Permethrin spot-on treatments are common flea and tick preventatives for cats.
  • Feline permethrin toxicosis can lead to severe neurological signs, including status epilepticus.
  • Status epilepticus necessitates intensive monitoring and management to prevent secondary complications.

Observation:

  • A domestic shorthair cat experienced status epilepticus after accidental permethrin exposure.
  • The cat required general anesthesia, mechanical ventilation, and continuous intravenous drug infusions for seizure and hypoventilation control.
  • Serial continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) monitoring revealed non-convulsive status epilepticus and guided adjustments in antiseizure and anesthetic medications.

Findings:

  • Continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) monitoring successfully identified non-convulsive status epilepticus in a cat with permethrin intoxication.
  • Treatment adjustments based on cEEG findings, including the addition of phenobarbital and discontinuation of propofol, led to improved neurological status.
  • The cat's condition resolved, allowing for extubation and eventual discharge on phenobarbital, with gradual tapering.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the utility of continuous electroencephalogram (cEEG) monitoring in managing feline permethrin intoxication.
  • cEEG can provide critical diagnostic and prognostic information in cats with status epilepticus or altered mental status due to toxicosis.
  • Clinicians should consider cEEG monitoring to guide antiseizure drug selection and treatment protocols in complex feline neurological cases.