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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots
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A comparative study on various cell sources for constructing tissue-engineered meniscus.

Rui Zheng1, Daiying Song2,3,4, Yangfan Ding2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|April 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Articular chondrocytes create mature cartilage-like meniscus tissue, while stem cells like bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) form fibroblastic tissue. Combining both cell types may enhance meniscus repair.

Keywords:
cell sourcefibrocartilage tissuemeniscusscaffoldtissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Meniscus injury is a prevalent knee joint issue, posing clinical challenges for effective management.
  • Identifying optimal cell sources is critical for successful cell-based tissue regeneration and therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively evaluate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), and articular chondrocytes for engineered meniscus tissue.
  • To assess cell potential in the absence of growth factor stimulation using electrospun nanofiber yarn scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Cells (BMSC, ADSC, chondrocytes) were seeded onto electrospun nanofiber yarn scaffolds mimicking native meniscus fibrous structure.
  • Engineered constructs were cultured in vitro to assess cell proliferation, differentiation, and matrix production.
  • Biochemical and biomechanical properties of engineered tissues were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • All cell types proliferated along nanofiber yarns, forming organized constructs resembling native meniscus fiber bundles.
  • Chondrocytes produced significantly more chondrogenic matrix, forming mature cartilage-like tissue with distinct gene expression.
  • Stem cells (BMSC and ADSC) exhibited fibroblastic differentiation, producing more collagen and resulting in higher tensile strength.

Conclusions:

  • Articular chondrocytes are superior for generating chondrogenic meniscus tissue, while stem cells are better for fibroblastic tissue formation.
  • Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) showed greater proliferation and collagen production than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC).
  • Combining chondrocytes and stem cells presents a promising strategy for fibrocartilage tissue engineering and meniscus regeneration.