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How rice adapts to high temperatures.

Huimin Ren1, Jingpei Bao1, Zhenxian Gao2

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Identifying heat-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for global agriculture facing climate change. This review explores rice

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adaptive traits phenotypingheat stresshigh temperaturericesurvival strategiessustainable agriculture

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Climate Change Adaptation

Background:

  • High-temperature stress poses a significant threat to global crop yields, impacting food security.
  • Rice (Oryza sativa) exhibits varying levels of thermotolerance due to evolved protective mechanisms.
  • Understanding heat tolerance in rice is vital for developing climate-resilient agricultural practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the morphological and molecular impacts of heat stress on rice across different growth stages and organs.
  • To investigate the differences in thermotolerance among various rice lines.
  • To propose strategies for screening and developing new thermotolerant rice varieties.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review on heat stress effects in rice.
  • Analysis of morphological and molecular responses to high temperatures.
  • Comparative study of thermotolerant and non-thermotolerant rice lines.

Main Results:

  • Heat stress affects rice morphology and molecular pathways differently depending on growth stage and plant organ (roots, stems, leaves, flowers).
  • Distinct molecular and morphological variations exist among rice lines with differing thermotolerance.
  • Existing rice varieties possess diverse acclimation strategies to high temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying and understanding the basis of thermotolerance in rice is key to improving crop resilience.
  • Developing effective screening strategies can accelerate the breeding of heat-tolerant rice varieties.
  • These advancements are critical for ensuring future agricultural productivity under changing climate conditions.