Integrative multi-omics approaches to explore immune cell functions: Challenges and opportunities

Area of Science:

• Immunology and Systems Biology
• Genomics and Multi-omics Integration

Background:

• Modern biology shifts from single molecules to systems-level understanding.
• Integration of genomics with other omics (epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) is crucial for characterizing biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advances in multi-omics tools for studying immune cell functions.
• To highlight applications of multi-omics in analyzing clinical immune disorders.
• To provide an outlook on future opportunities and challenges in immunology research.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing multi-omics technologies (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics).
• Employing genome-wide functional screening.
• Applying single-cell sequencing analysis for multi-layered immune cell characterization.

Main Results:

• Multi-omics approaches provide insights into immune cell heterogeneity within tissues.
• These technologies aid in identifying key regulators of immune functions.
• Applications in analyzing clinical immune disorders are expanding.

Conclusions:

• Multi-omics tools are essential for a comprehensive understanding of immune cell functions.
• Further development and application of these technologies will advance immunology and clinical disorder analysis.
• The integration of multi-omics presents significant opportunities and challenges for future research.