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Related Concept Videos

Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

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Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
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Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview01:27

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Overview

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Controlled current coulometry, also known as amperostatic coulometry, is a technique used in electrochemical analysis to measure the quantity of a substance through the controlled passage of current. It involves the application of a constant current to an electrochemical cell containing the analyte of interest. As the current flows through the cell, the analyte undergoes a redox reaction at the electrode surface, resulting in a charge transfer. By monitoring the time required for a certain...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

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In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
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Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

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Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
Linear feedback systems are theoretical models that simplify analysis and design. These systems operate under the principle that their output is directly proportional to their input within certain ranges. For instance, an amplifier in a control system behaves linearly as long as the input signal remains within a specific range. However, most physical systems exhibit inherent nonlinearity...
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Controlled-Current Coulometry: Coulometric Titration01:18

Controlled-Current Coulometry: Coulometric Titration

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Coulometric titrations are a form of titrimetric analysis where the reagent is generated electrically, and its amount is evaluated based on current and generating time. The electron serves as the standard reagent. The procedure is similar to conventional titrations, such as endpoint detection.
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Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

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Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
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Three-dimensional Printing of Thermoplastic Materials to Create Automated Syringe Pumps with Feedback Control for Microfluidic Applications
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Closed-loop control systems for pumps used in portable analytical systems.

Suleman A Naz1, Van Thanh Huynh2, Egan H Doeven3

  • 1Centre for Rural and Regional Futures, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3320, Australia; School of Engineering, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, VIC 3320, Australia.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|April 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Mechatronic systems enhance fluidic control in analytical instruments. Advanced control strategies and machine learning are increasingly used for precise flow and pressure management in portable devices.

Keywords:
Closed-Loop PerformanceControl algorithmsFluid handlingPortable analytical systemsPositive Displacement Pumps

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mechatronics
  • Control Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate flowrate/pressure control is crucial for chemical analytical systems.
  • Mechatronic approaches integrate mechanical, electronic, computer, and control components for enhanced instrument design.
  • Traditional fluid handling platforms (syringe, peristaltic pumps) often exhibit fluctuations and slow responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review control system implementations for enhanced fluidic control in analytical instruments.
  • To categorize control strategies by pump type.
  • To discuss advanced control methods and their application in portable analytical systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of control system implementations for fluidic control.
  • Categorization of control strategies based on pump type.
  • Discussion of advanced control strategies (transient and steady-state response enhancement).
  • Examples of implementation in portable analytical systems.

Main Results:

  • Closed-loop control systems effectively reduce discrepancies between desired and actual fluidic output.
  • Advanced control strategies improve both transient and steady-state responses of fluidic systems.
  • Mechatronic system design aids in mitigating compromises in portable analytical devices.

Conclusions:

  • The complexity of fluidic networks presents challenges for mathematical modeling.
  • There is a growing trend towards experimentally informed models and machine learning for fluidic control.
  • Mechatronic principles are vital for developing reliable and high-performance portable analytical instruments.