Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

16.9K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.9K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

21.4K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
21.4K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.2K
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

51
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
51
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.7K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of concurrent colonic CMV infection on clinical outcomes in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)·2026
Same author

Hybrid refinery process turns plant material into industrially important chemical.

Nature·2026
Same author

High sensitivity of the Bionote Anigen Rapid Rabies Antigen Test in detection of diverse rabies virus variants suggests utility for global rabies control.

Journal of clinical microbiology·2026
Same author

Refining prognosis in advanced renal cell carcinoma: international real-world validation of the Meet-URO score in first-line immunotherapy combinations.

The oncologist·2026
Same author

Financial Burden Associated With Hospitalisation Among Families of Childhood Brain Tumours in Australia.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026
Same author

Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for advanced HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: KEYNOTE-859 Q-TWiST analysis.

Immunotherapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria
08:34

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2021

6.8K

arfA antisense RNA regulates MscL excretory activity.

Rosa Morra1, Fenryco Pratama1,2, Thomas Butterfield1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Life Science Alliance
|April 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial excretion of cytoplasmic protein (ECP) is linked to stress responses. Researchers discovered a novel antisense RNA mechanism between the mscL and arfA genes in E. coli, regulating ECP during osmotic and translational stress.

More Related Videos

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
10:21

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation

Published on: February 1, 2019

8.4K
Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans
09:06

Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans

Published on: September 18, 2020

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 4, 2025

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria
08:34

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2021

6.8K
Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation
10:21

Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation

Published on: February 1, 2019

8.4K
Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans
09:06

Quantitative Approaches for Scoring in vivo Neuronal Aggregate and Organelle Extrusion in Large Exopher Vesicles in C. elegans

Published on: September 18, 2020

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Excretion of cytoplasmic protein (ECP) in bacteria is linked to stress responses.
  • In Escherichia coli, ECP is associated with hypoosmotic shock and ribosome stalling, dependent on MscL and ArfA gene products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic link between mscL, arfA genes, and bacterial stress response pathways.
  • To elucidate the regulatory role of the arfA gene and its interaction with mscL.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic analysis of Gammaproteobacteria to identify co-localization of mscL and arfA genes.
  • Investigation of 3' UTR and 3' CDS overlap between mscL and arfA.
  • Experimental validation of antisense RNA-mediated regulation between mscL and arfA in E. coli.

Main Results:

  • The mscL and arfA genes are frequently co-located in Gammaproteobacteria with overlapping 3' UTR and 3' CDS.
  • An antisense RNA mechanism regulates the interaction between mscL and arfA.
  • This regulation modulates the excretory activity of MscL in E. coli.

Conclusions:

  • A mechanistic link exists between osmotic and translational stress responses and ECP in E. coli.
  • The arfA gene, through its sRNA, plays a previously unrecognized regulatory role in ECP.
  • The genomic arrangement facilitates antisense RNA-mediated control, linking stress response pathways.