A comprehensive and systematic study on the techniques used for augmenting the performance of a solar still...

One of the biggest problems the globe is currently experiencing is the availability of safe freshwater for drinking, especially in rural and dry regions. Drinking fresh water is among the basic requirements for surviving all life on Earth, along with food and energy. Rapid economic growth and poverty increase the demand for clean water. There are numerous approaches to getting clean water, and a current popular method is the solar distillation of brine water. Solar distillation converts brine water into fresh, usable water using solar radiation. It is a cheap, non-polluting, and greenhouse method. Various methods are used to enhance the distillate output, for instance, using nanoparticles, adding external devices, changing the design, and coupling the solar still. This paper reviews various research work and articles on different approaches used to enrich the distillate yield of solar still, increasing its efficiency and thermal energy, and decreasing the cost of desalination of brine water. Lastly, it contains challenges and the future scope.