Neonatologists' Perspectives on Exploring Parental Spirituality in Prenatal Consultations

Values of religion, spirituality, and faith (RSF) are central to decision making for many parents facing extremely preterm labor or prenatal diagnoses of potentially life-limiting congenital anomalies. Neonatologists' opinions and comfort with discussing parental RSF are not well known. We sought to understand neonatologists' current practices and perceptions of exploring parental RSF in prenatal consultations.

A retrospective chart review was performed at a single U.S. academic institution to evaluate the inclusion of spiritual terminology in documentation. All mothers who were admitted with anticipated extremely preterm delivery as well as those with prenatal diagnoses of potentially life-limiting congenital anomalies were included in analysis. After chart review, an anonymous survey was distributed to neonatology attendings and fellows to examine perspectives on exploring parental RSF.

The chart review indicated that RSF terminology was absent from the documentation of all prenatal consultations performed by neonatology. Sixty-five percent of survey respondents considered RSF important in their personal lives and 47% considered RSF important in clinical practice. The three most significant barriers to exploring RSF were lack of training or education in spiritual care, differences between physicians' and patients' personal beliefs, and insufficient time.

Our study highlights a gap between the goal for prenatal counseling in cases of extreme prematurity and potentially life-limiting congenital anomalies and current practices that frequently exclude the values most important to many parents. Lack of training in spiritual care is a significant barrier to neonatologists exploring parental RSF.