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Inflammatory mediators as surrogates of malignancy.

Mohammad Sohail Asghar1, Mohammad Zohaib Asghar2, Aima Zahid3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, King Edward Medical University Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|April 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cancer-related inflammation, indicated by markers like the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune inflammation index, impacts disease progression and survival. These inflammatory mediators offer insights for patient risk stratification and targeted cancer care.

Keywords:
Immune Markers, Inflammatory markers, Carcinoma, Metastatic Cancer, Cancer Survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Inflammation near tumors influences cancer progression and patient prognosis across various malignancies.
  • Tumor cells can modulate immune responses via mediators like chemokines and prostaglandins.
  • Circulating blood cells and plasma proteins are key components of inflammatory responses linked to tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) as malignancy biomarkers.
  • To provide an overview of existing studies on PLR and SII in different cancers.
  • To recommend future research directions for understanding inflammatory mediators in malignancy.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Discussion of the role of PLR and SII in cancer.
  • Analysis of inflammatory markers in tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • Inflammatory markers, including circulating blood cells (platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils) and plasma proteins (C-reactive protein, interleukins), are integral to tumorigenesis.
  • PLR and SII serve as indicators of inflammatory responses with prognostic value in malignancies.
  • These markers aid in patient risk stratification and personalized treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • PLR and SII are significant inflammatory mediators in malignancies, offering prognostic information.
  • Further research should explore combined interactions of multiple risk factors, exposures, and inflammatory profiles.
  • A comprehensive understanding of inflammatory mediators is crucial for improving cancer patient outcomes.