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Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...

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Purification and Visualization of Influenza A Viral Ribonucleoprotein Complexes
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Defining basic rules for hardening influenza A virus liquid condensates.

Temitope Akhigbe Etibor1, Silvia Vale-Costa1, Sindhuja Sridharan2

  • 1Cell Biology of Viral Infection Lab, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.

Elife
|April 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Altering the valency of components is the most efficient way to harden liquid viral inclusions, a key step in influenza A virus replication. This finding offers new avenues for antiviral drug development.

Keywords:
biomolecular condensateshumaninfectious diseaseinfluenza A virusmicrobiologymousephase transitionsphysics of living systemsproteome-wide solubilityviral inclusionsviruses

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Biomolecular condensates exhibit distinct liquid or solid-like behaviors due to physicochemical properties.
  • Phase transitions influence condensate function, tunable by temperature, concentration, and valency.
  • It remains unclear which factors are most efficient in regulating condensate behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficiency of different factors in modulating the material properties of viral inclusions.
  • To provide a proof of concept for hardening influenza A virus (IAV) inclusions via component valency changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized influenza A virus (IAV) liquid cytosolic condensates (viral inclusions) as a model system.
  • Investigated the effect of altering component valency, concentration, and temperature on condensate properties.
  • Employed nucleozin to target viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) interactions for valency modulation in vitro and in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Hardening of liquid IAV inclusions via increased component valency proved more efficient than altering concentration or temperature.
  • Targeting nucleoprotein (NP) interactions with nucleozin effectively hardened viral inclusions.
  • Host proteome abundance and solubility remained unaffected by the modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Component valency is a highly efficient regulator of viral condensate material properties.
  • Pharmacological modulation of IAV inclusion properties offers potential antiviral strategies.
  • This study provides a foundation for developing novel antiviral therapies targeting viral replication mechanisms.