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Association of cardiometabolic risks with body composition in hemodialysis patients

N Arslan1

  • 1Nutrition and Dietetic Department, Ataturk Faculty of Health Sciences, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey. nuracar_1986@hotmail.com.

European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
|April 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Body fat indices, not just BMI, significantly elevate cardiovascular disease risk in hemodialysis patients. Evaluating body fat ratios is crucial for managing cardiometabolic risks in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • High body fat percentage is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Hemodialysis (HD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for cardiovascular complications.
  • Understanding body composition's role in cardiometabolic risk is vital for this patient group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between body composition and cardiometabolic risks in hemodialysis patients.
  • To determine if body fat indices independently predict cardiometabolic risk beyond Body Mass Index (BMI).

Main Methods:

  • Study included CKD patients undergoing HD between March 2020 and September 2021.
  • Body composition was analyzed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).
  • Cardiometabolic risk was assessed using Framingham risk scores and various body composition indices (LTI/FTI, BSI, VAI).

Main Results:

  • 15.96% of HD patients exhibited high cardiometabolic risk based on Framingham scores.
  • Higher visceral adiposity index (VAI) was significantly associated with increased Framingham risk scores (p=0.002).
  • Adipose tissue indices, including VAI, predicted increased Framingham risk scores independently of BMI.

Conclusions:

  • Adipose tissue indices are significant predictors of cardiometabolic risk in hemodialysis patients.
  • Evaluating body fat ratios is recommended for assessing cardiovascular disease risk in HD patients.
  • These findings suggest a need to incorporate body composition analysis into routine cardiovascular risk assessment for HD patients.
Abstract

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