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Plasma extracellular vesicle transcriptomics identifies CD160 for predicting immunochemotherapy efficacy in lung
Jiatao Liao1,2, Hongyan Lai1,2, Chang Liu1,2
1Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Plasma extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived CD160 long RNAs (exLRs) can predict treatment response in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients receiving anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Elevated baseline CD160 levels correlate with improved survival and better response rates.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Biomarkers are crucial for optimizing immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).
- Current biomarkers for anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy in LUAD are limited.
- Extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived long RNAs (exLRs) represent a potential source for novel biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate plasma EV-derived exLRs as predictive biomarkers for anti-PD-1 immunochemotherapy response in LUAD.
- To identify specific exLRs associated with treatment efficacy and patient survival.
- To explore the dynamic changes of biomarkers during treatment.
Main Methods:
- Plasma EV transcriptome sequencing was performed on LUAD patients receiving first-line anti-PD-1 immunochemotherapy.
- exLR profiles were analyzed in relation to response rate and survival in retrospective and prospective cohorts.
- CD160 expression levels were validated using real-time quantitative PCR.
Main Results:
- LUAD patients exhibited distinct exLR profiles compared to healthy individuals.
- T-cell activation pathways were enriched in responders.
- Elevated baseline plasma EV-derived CD160 levels significantly correlated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in both cohorts.
- CD160 demonstrated good predictive value for treatment response (AUC 0.784 in retrospective, 0.648 in prospective).
- Increased CD160 levels correlated with higher abundance of NK cells and CD8+ naïve T cells, indicating enhanced host immunity.
Conclusions:
- Plasma EV-derived CD160 is a promising biomarker for predicting anti-PD-1 immunochemotherapy response and prognosis in LUAD.
- Monitoring CD160 dynamics can help assess therapeutic response.
- CD160 may reflect a more active host immune status in LUAD patients.
