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Published on: September 22, 2020
Lessons Learned: A Disruption in Care Leads to Increased Rates of Proximal Amputations
Justin Yu1, Jai Joshi2, Carmen Wong3
1Resident Physician, Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hoftsra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased proximal amputations due to hospital restrictions. This study highlights the indirect negative impact of these measures on limb salvage surgeries during the initial shutdown period.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited hospitalizations to emergencies in New York.
- Non-COVID lower extremity wound cases were only admitted for acute infections and limb salvage.
- These restrictions placed patients at increased risk of limb loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of COVID-19 on lower extremity amputation rates.
- To compare amputation rates before, during, and after pandemic-related hospital shutdowns.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of lower limb amputations at Northwell Health (January 2020 - January 2021).
- Comparison of amputation rates across pre-pandemic, shutdown, post-shutdown, and reopening periods.
- Analysis focused on the proportion of proximal amputations.
Main Results:
- The shutdown period saw a significant increase in proximal amputations (25.58%) compared to pre-pandemic (8.38%, p=0.0009).
- Patients had 4.89 times higher odds of proximal amputation during the shutdown.
- Amputation rates returned to baseline after the shutdown period.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 hospital restrictions indirectly increased proximal amputations during the initial shutdown.
- The findings suggest a negative impact of pandemic-related surgical restrictions on limb salvage outcomes.
- Further research is needed to understand long-term effects and optimize care during public health crises.
Background:
In March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations in New York state were restricted to emergency purposes. Non-COVID related cases involving lower extremity wounds were only admitted for acute infections and limb salvage. Patients with these conditions were placed at higher risk for eventual limb loss.
Purpose:
To understand the impact of COVID-19 on amputation rates.
Methods:
A retrospective review of lower limb institution-wide amputations was conducted at Northwell Health from January 2020 to January 2021. The amputation rates during the COVID-19 shutdown period were compared to the pre-pandemic, post-shutdown, and reopening period.
Results:
The pre-pandemic period had 179 amputations, of which 8.38 % were proximal. 86 amputations were performed during shutdown, with a greater proportion being proximal (25.58 %, p=0.0009). Following the shutdown period, amputations returned to baseline. The proportion of proximal amputations during post-shutdown was 18.5 % and during reopening was 12.06 %. Patients had 4.89 times higher odds of undergoing a proximal amputation during the shutdown period.
Conclusions:
The effect of COVID-19 on amputation rates demonstrates an increase in proximal amputation during the initial shutdown. This study suggests an indirect negative effect of COVID-19 hospital restrictions on surgeries during the initial shutdown period.
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