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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management
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Exercise-Induced Vision Dysfunction Early After Sport-Related Concussion Is Associated With Persistent Postconcussive

Brian T Vernau1, Mohammad N Haider2, Alexander Fleming2

  • 1Minds Matter Concussion Program, Division of Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine
|April 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Exercise-induced vision dysfunction in adolescents after concussion significantly increases the risk of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). This finding highlights the importance of vision assessment in concussion recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Sport-related concussions are common in adolescents.
  • Persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) can prolong recovery.
  • Vision dysfunction is a potential consequence of concussion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between exercise-induced vision dysfunction and the risk of developing PPCS in adolescents following a sport-related concussion.
  • To determine if visual performance deficits after exercise predict a longer recovery period.

Main Methods:

  • A secondary analysis of a multi-center randomized clinical trial was performed.
  • Adolescents with sport-related concussion underwent the King-Devick (KD) test before and after the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test.
  • Exercise (aerobic or placebo stretching) was used as a provocative maneuver.

Main Results:

  • Adolescents exhibiting exercise-induced vision dysfunction showed a significantly higher incidence of PPCS (71% vs. 34%, P < 0.001).
  • Exercise-induced vision dysfunction was associated with a 3.13-fold increased relative risk of developing PPCS.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescents with exercise-induced vision dysfunction following a sport-related concussion face a substantially elevated risk of persistent post-concussive symptoms.
  • Vision assessment, particularly after exertion, may be a critical factor in predicting concussion recovery timelines.