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Oncolytic Reoviruses: Can These Emerging Zoonotic Reoviruses Be Tamed and Utilized?

Zhen Yun Siew1, Alson Loh2, Sharrada Segeran3

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia.

DNA and Cell Biology
|April 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) and other reoviruses show promise as oncolytic viruses (OVs) targeting cancer. Further research is needed to address challenges and assess zoonotic risks for safe application.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Orthoreoviruses, belonging to the Reoviridae family, are nonenveloped, double-stranded RNA viruses.
  • Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV) exhibits significant oncolytic effects, making it a candidate for cancer therapy.

Approach:

  • This review summarizes the life cycle and oncolytic properties of MRV.
  • It also examines emerging reoviruses, avian orthoreovirus (ARV) and pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV), as potential oncolytic viruses (OVs).

Key Points:

  • Challenges and strategies for utilizing MRV, ARV, and PRV as OVs are discussed.
  • The potential of ARV and PRV as OVs is compared to MRV.
  • The review addresses the zoonotic and reverse zoonotic potential of reoviruses.

Conclusions:

  • Continued surveillance of MRV, ARV, and PRV in animals, humans, and the environment is crucial.
  • Understanding reovirus biology is key to their development as effective and safe oncolytic agents.
Keywords:
oncolytic virusorthoreoviruspelareorepreovirusvirotherapyzoonotic spillover

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