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Masked hypertension in a middle-aged population and its relation to manifestations of vascular disease

Peder Af Geijerstam1, Jan Engvall1,2,3, Carl Johan Östgren1,2

  • 1Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences.

Journal of Hypertension
|April 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Masked hypertension, where blood pressure is normal in clinic but high at home, is linked to cardiovascular disease. This study confirms home blood pressure monitoring is a better predictor of risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Masked hypertension is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Previous studies lacked standardized device usage for office and home blood pressure (BP) measurements.
  • Current research addresses these limitations by adhering to European Society of Hypertension guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize masked hypertension in a population-based cohort.
  • To investigate the association between masked hypertension and CVD manifestations.
  • To evaluate the predictive value of home BP measurements.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 5057 participants aged 50-64 years from the Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study (SCAPIS) was analyzed.
  • Office and home BP were measured using the Omron M10-IT device.
  • Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) were assessed as CVD markers.

Main Results:

  • Among 4122 participants without antihypertensive treatment, 4.2% had masked hypertension.
  • Masked hypertension was more prevalent in men (66.9%) and associated with higher mean PWV (9.3 m/s) and increased odds of high CACS (OR 1.65).
  • These findings remained significant after matching for age, sex, and systolic office BP.

Conclusions:

  • Masked hypertension is significantly associated with subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease.
  • Home blood pressure monitoring, using standardized devices, is a valuable tool for risk prediction.
  • This study highlights the importance of home BP monitoring in identifying individuals at risk for CVD.
Abstract

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