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HIV and hypertension epidemiology

Ileana De Anda-Duran1, Alexander D Kimbrough1, Lydia A Bazzano1,2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|April 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension in people living with HIV (PLWH) is complex, influenced by HIV and its treatments. Management aligns with general guidelines but requires careful consideration of antiretroviral therapy drug interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Growing prevalence of HIV as a chronic condition.
  • Increasing incidence of hypertension in the general population.
  • The critical intersection of HIV and hypertension management.

Approach:

  • Review of current literature on hypertension burden in people living with HIV (PLWH).
  • Analysis of the complex pathogenesis linking HIV, inflammation, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and comorbidities.
  • Evaluation of existing and emerging treatment recommendations.

Key Points:

  • HIV contributes to hypertension through chronic inflammation, ART, and comorbidities like renal disease and insulin resistance.
  • Standard non-pharmacological interventions (lifestyle changes) are recommended.
  • Pharmacological treatment is similar to HIV-uninfected individuals, with careful attention to ART drug interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the multifaceted pathogenesis of hypertension in PLWH is crucial for tailored clinical management.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate hypertension's pathways and effects in the context of HIV.
  • Integrated management strategies are needed for optimal cardiovascular health in PLWH.
Abstract

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