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Related Concept Videos

Attribution Theory00:56

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
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Trait Theory by Gordon Allport01:20

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Gordon Allport, often regarded as the father of American personality psychology, developed a theory that emphasized the importance of understanding people in their present lives rather than focusing on their past, as psychoanalysis did. Allport believed that personality should be studied in healthy, well-adjusted individuals rather than those with psychological problems. He was particularly interested in defining traits, which he saw as fundamental mental structures that guide behavior across...
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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Trait attribution explains human-robot interactions.

Yochanan E Bigman1, Nicholas Surdel2, Melissa J Ferguson2

  • 1The Hebrew University Business School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel yochanan.bigman@mail.huji.ac.ilhttps://ybigman.wixsite.com/ybigman.

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|April 5, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trait attribution effectively explains human-robot interactions, addressing limitations proposed by Clark and Fischer. This approach is parsimonious, applying social cognition mechanisms consistently to human-robot engagement.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Robot Interaction
  • Social Cognition
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Clark and Fischer (C&F) identified limitations in trait attribution for explaining human-robot interactions.
  • Understanding social cognition in human-robot interaction is crucial for effective design and deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that trait attribution can adequately explain the issues raised by C&F regarding human-robot interactions.
  • To assert the parsimony of the trait attribution approach in human-robot interaction studies.

Main Methods:

  • Re-evaluation of the three issues posited by Clark and Fischer.
  • Application of social cognition principles to human-robot interaction scenarios.

Main Results:

  • The trait attribution approach successfully accounts for the three identified issues in human-robot interactions.
  • The proposed framework highlights the consistency of social cognition mechanisms across human-human and human-robot interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Trait attribution offers a robust and parsimonious explanation for human-robot interaction phenomena.
  • The study supports the application of established social cognition theories to the field of robotics.