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Salmonellosis in Poland in 2020
Małgorzata Milczarek1, Mirosław P Czarkowski1, Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys1
1National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance.
Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|April 5, 2023
Summary
Salmonellosis cases in Poland significantly decreased in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions and increased hygiene. Despite fewer outbreaks, the pandemic may have led to underreporting of salmonellosis cases.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health Surveillance
Background:
- Salmonellosis remains a significant public health concern globally.
- Understanding yearly epidemiological trends is crucial for effective disease control.
- Poland has a surveillance system to monitor infectious diseases, including salmonellosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2020.
- To compare the 2020 salmonellosis data with previous years.
- To identify trends and potential contributing factors to observed changes.
Main Methods:
- Data collected from sanitary-epidemiological stations via EpiBaza and ROE systems.
- Analysis of published data from the "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland in 2020" bulletin.
- Inclusion of laboratory data and demographic statistics from Statistics Poland.
Main Results:
- 5,470 salmonellosis cases registered in 2020, a significant decrease from previous years.
- Highest incidence in the Podkarpackie voivodeship; highest affected age group 0-4 years.
- S. Enteritidis was the most common serotype (70%); 9 deaths reported.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and enhanced hygiene likely reduced salmonellosis incidence by ~69% compared to 2019.
- A decrease in food poisoning outbreaks caused by Salmonella was observed.
- Potential underestimation of cases due to reduced access to healthcare and diagnostics during the pandemic.
