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Author Spotlight: Optimizing Scorpion Venom Extraction for Antivenom Production
Published on: October 6, 2023
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Scorpion envenomation-associated myocarditis: A systematic review
Reza Fereidooni1, Saeedreza Shirzadi1,2, Seyyed Hamidreza Ayatizadeh2
1Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases
|April 5, 2023
Summary
Scorpion envenomation can cause myocarditis, a serious cardiac complication. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment, especially in children, significantly improve outcomes and survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Toxicology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Scorpion envenomation is a significant cause of mortality, primarily due to cardiac complications like myocarditis.
- Myocarditis following scorpion stings is a rare but severe condition, particularly affecting children.
Approach:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted using major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar) up to May 2022.
- Data from 703 cases across 30 case reports and 34 case series were analyzed to understand clinical presentations, management, and outcomes.
Key Points:
- Scorpion-induced myocarditis commonly presents in children with pulmonary edema (60.7%) and shock (45.8%).
- ECG findings frequently include sinus tachycardia (82%) and ST-T wave changes (64.6%).
- Management involves inotropes, diuretics, and supportive care; mechanical ventilation was needed in 36.7% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Myocarditis from scorpion envenomation, though rare, is a critical concern with a 7.3% mortality rate.
- Early cardiac marker screening and echocardiography are crucial for diagnosis.
- Prompt management of cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema leads to favorable outcomes and rapid recovery of left ventricular function.
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