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Related Experiment Video

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Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Depression.

Sameer A Sheth1, Helen S Mayberg2

  • 1Departments of Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;

Annual Review of Neuroscience
|April 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Stereotactic neurosurgery, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), is evolving for psychiatric disorders. Advances in neuroimaging and neurophysiology are shifting DBS from empirical practice to science-based treatment for conditions like OCD and depression.

Keywords:
DBSOCDdepressionneuromodulationpsychiatric neurosurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Stereotactic neurosurgery emerged over 70 years ago to treat severe psychiatric disorders.
  • The field has advanced significantly due to clinical and basic science progress.
  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is transitioning for treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the transition of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for psychiatric disorders from empiricism to scientific discovery.
  • To highlight the role of neuroimaging and neurophysiology in advancing DBS.
  • To focus on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression as key areas of research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of advances in neuroimaging techniques.
  • Examination of neurophysiological understanding of psychiatric disorders.

Main Results:

  • DBS for psychiatric disorders is increasingly evidence-based.
  • Neuroimaging and neurophysiology are key drivers of this scientific transition.
  • Improved consistency and quality of outcome data are being observed.

Conclusions:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is becoming a more scientifically grounded treatment for severe psychiatric disorders.
  • Further understanding of neural circuits will enhance the efficacy of DBS.
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression are leading areas benefiting from this scientific advancement.