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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

643
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
34.8K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.4K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.4K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

13.7K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.7K
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

2.8K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation
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Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

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Insight into epigenetics and human diseases.

Ankita Saini1, Adya Varshney2, Ashok Saini3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|April 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic changes, influenced by environmental factors, affect gene expression and inheritance across generations. These modifications can predispose individuals to diseases like cancer.

Keywords:
Autoimmune disordersDNA methylationEpigenetic mechanismEpigenetic therapeuticsGene silencingHistone modificationsRNA-associated silencing

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • 21st-century research highlights the significance of epigenetics and DNA sequence variability in human health.
  • Epigenetic modifications interact with exogenous factors, influencing inheritance biology and gene expression across generations.
  • Chromatin modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications) and transcript changes are implicated in human diseases and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize how environmental variables during vulnerable life stages can predispose organisms to diseases.
  • To explore the role of epigenetic components in influencing human diseases.
  • To review multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies analyzing epigenetic interactions with disease pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent epigenetic studies demonstrating epigenetics' role in disease processes.
  • Analysis of how environmental exposures (chemicals, medications, stress, infections) interact with epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Examination of inter-generational and trans-generational inheritance of epigenetic modifications.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms provide explanations for the development of various diseases.
  • Environmental exposures during critical developmental periods can lead to disease predisposition.
  • Epigenetic factors play a crucial role in influencing the susceptibility to and progression of human diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetics is a key factor in understanding disease predisposition and development.
  • Environmental influences on epigenetic modifications have long-term health consequences.
  • Further research into epigenetic-disease pathways is essential for developing targeted therapies.