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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Dorsal Skin of Hamsters: a Useful Model for the Screening of Antileishmanial Drugs
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Pediatric lymphatic leishmaniasis: a case report.

Endeshaw Asaye Kindie1, Ermias Teklehaimanot Yefter2, Bewketu Abebe Alemu2

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia. endeshaw.asaye@uog.edu.et.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|April 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This case study highlights lymphatic leishmaniasis, a rare form of the disease presenting as isolated lymphadenopathy. Early consideration of leishmaniasis is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment in endemic areas.

Keywords:
Leishmania donovani bodiesLeishmaniasisLymph node

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Case Reports

Background:

  • Leishmaniasis presents in three main forms: visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous, caused by protozoan parasites transmitted by sandflies.
  • The disease disproportionately affects impoverished populations and is linked to factors like malnutrition and compromised immunity.
  • An estimated 700,000 to 1 million new cases occur annually, though only a fraction of infected individuals develop the disease.

Observation:

  • A 12-year-old male in Ethiopia presented with exclusive lymph node involvement, characterized by localized cervical lymphadenopathies without skin lesions.
  • Fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed Leishmania donovani in the lymph node, supported by positive anti-rK39 antibodies.
  • Bone marrow aspiration and abdominal ultrasound ruled out disseminated visceral leishmaniasis or organomegaly.

Findings:

  • The case demonstrates lymphatic leishmaniasis with exclusive lymph node involvement, a rare presentation.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via lymph node cytology and serology, despite negative bone marrow findings.
  • The patient received a 17-day course of sodium stibogluconate and paromomycin injections.

Implications:

  • Localized lymphadenopathies can mimic other conditions like lymphoma, posing a diagnostic challenge.
  • Leishmaniasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of isolated lymphadenopathies in immunocompetent individuals in endemic regions.
  • Early diagnostic workup and prompt management are essential for favorable outcomes in lymphatic leishmaniasis.