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Characterization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract Particles and its Comparison as a Mouthrinse with Different Vehicles in
Sabahath Kibriya1, Ila Srinivasan1, Jyothsna V Setty1
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Insights
Cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash, particularly with normal saline (NS) or Ringer's lactate (RL), shows superior antibacterial and anti-plaque properties compared to chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) in children. This natural mouthwash offers anticariogenic benefits and improves oral hygiene.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Dental caries and plaque are significant oral health issues in children.
- Conventional mouthrinses like chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) have limitations and potential side effects.
- Natural alternatives for oral hygiene are gaining interest due to their safety and efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash with different vehicles in children aged 7-12 years.
- To compare CBHE mouthwash against chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthrinses.
- To assess the impact of CBHE on salivary pH, plaque inhibition, and antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans.
Main Methods:
- Eighty children (7-12 years) were randomly assigned to five groups: CBHE with distilled water (DW), Ringer's lactate (RL), normal saline (NS), 0.12% CHX, or 0.05% NaF.
- Oral hygiene index (OHI-S), salivary pH, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline, and on days 7 and 14.
- Saliva samples underwent microbiological analysis to determine Streptococcus mutans levels.
Main Results:
- 0.1% CBHE with NS demonstrated the highest antibacterial properties across all time intervals.
- CBHE with RL showed better anti-plaque efficacy than CBHE with DW and 0.12% CHX.
- All CBHE formulations were more effective anti-plaque agents than 0.05% NaF.
- Use of NS or RL as vehicles improved patient compliance.
Conclusions:
- Cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash, especially when prepared with NS or RL, enhances salivary pH, anti-plaque efficacy, and antibacterial properties by reducing Streptococcus mutans.
- CBHE mouthwash is a safe, anticariogenic, and non-alcoholic alternative to CHX and NaF for routine oral rinse in children, including those with gingivitis or high caries risk.
Aim:
Assessing the efficacy of cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) particles with different vehicles as a mouthrinse in children aged 7-12 years in comparison to chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthrinse.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 80 children aged 7-12 years residing at a residential school/orphanage in Bengaluru city were selected and randomly allocated into five groups-group I: 0.1% CBHE with distilled water (DW); group II: 0.1% CBHE with Ringer's lactate (RL); group III: 0.12% CHX; group IV: 0.1% CBHE with normal saline (NS); and group V: 0.05% NaF. A Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was recorded, salivary pH was assessed, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline (BL) after 30 minutes of rinsing on day 7 and day 14. These saliva samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, and all the data from five groups at four different time intervals was tabulated and statistically evaluated.
Results:
Nearly 0.1% CBHE with NS as vehicle showed maximum antibacterial properties among all the groups at all time intervals. The addition of RL to CBHE provided better anti-plaque efficacy than 0.1% CBHE with DW and 0.12% CHX mouthwash. All three combinations of 0.1% CBHE and 0.12% CHX mouthwash proved to be better anti-plaque agents than 0.05% NaF. Improving the preparation of CBHE mouthwash by using NS, RL, and with the addition of saccharin sodium also improved the patient's compliance.
Conclusion:
Thus, preparing chocolate/CBHE mouthwash with NS or RL instead of plain DW increased the salivary pH, anti-plaque efficacy, and antibacterial property by reducing Streptococcus mutans growth.
Clinical Significance:
Cocoa bean husk extract (CBHE) mouthwash is a better anticariogenic and nonalcoholic mouthwash compared to CHX and NaF, which can be safely used in children as a routine oral rinse and also for those with gingivitis and high-risk of caries.
How To Cite This Article:
Kibriya S, Srinivasan I, Setty JV, et al. Characterization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract Particles and its Comparison as a Mouthrinse with Different Vehicles in Children aged 7-12 Years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):54-59.
