Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 4, 2025
11:40
Simplified Reverse Genetics Method to Recover Recombinant Rotaviruses Expressing Reporter Proteins
Published on: April 17, 2020
8.7K
Interspecies/Intergroup Complementation of Orthotospovirus Replication and Movement through Reverse Genetics Systems
Mingfeng Feng1, Minglong Chen1, Yulong Yuan1
1Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Journal of Virology
|April 6, 2023
Summary
Orthotospoviruses from different geographic groups can exchange gene functions for replication and movement. However, replication requires compatible RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and nucleocapsid proteins from the same group, while movement proteins show broader compatibility.
Area of Science:
- Plant virology
- Molecular biology
- RNA virus genetics
Background:
- Orthotospoviruses (plant-infecting bunyaviruses) cause significant crop diseases and threaten food security.
- Over 30 species exist, divided into American and Euro/Asian geographic groups.
- Genetic interactions and transcomplementation potential between these groups are poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish reverse genetics (RG) systems for American and Euro/Asian orthotospoviruses.
- To investigate interspecies transcomplementation of viral replicase and movement proteins.
- To understand genetic interaction and reassortment potential in segmented plant orthotospoviruses.
Main Methods:
- Developed minireplicon-based RG systems for Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV), and Tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV).
- Utilized existing RG system for Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV).
- Exchanged and analyzed viral replicase (RdRp, N) and movement (NSm) proteins for interspecies complementation.
Main Results:
- Homologous RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins supported replication for both American and Euro/Asian orthotospoviruses.
- Heterologous combinations of RdRp and N proteins from different groups failed to support replication.
- NSm movement proteins (MP) from both groups effectively transcomplemented heterologous orthotospoviruses and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), with varying efficiencies.
Conclusions:
- Orthotospoviruses exhibit potential for genetic interaction and gene function exchange between geographic groups.
- Replication is restricted by specific RdRp/N protein compatibility within geographic groups.
- NSm movement proteins demonstrate broader functional compatibility across different orthotospovirus species and even other virus families.
Related Concept Videos
00:57Viral Recombination
23.6K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.6K
01:27Horizontal Gene Transfer
48
Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a process where genetic material moves between organisms within the same generation, unlike vertical gene transfer, which occurs from parent to offspring. HGT plays a crucial role in microbial evolution, adaptation, and survival, particularly in shared environments like the human gut.Mobile genetic elements such as plasmids, prophages, integrons, insertion sequences, and transposons facilitate this process. HGT occurs through three primary mechanisms:...
48
02:18Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms
28.9K
Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
28.9K
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.4K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.4K