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Complete blood count derived inflammation indexes predict outcome in COVID-19 patients: a study in Indonesia

Haryati Haryati1, Bagus Wicaksono1, Meitria Syahadatina2

  • 1Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Lambung Mangkurat University/Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|April 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammation indexes, including the neutrophil to lymphocyte × platelet ratio (NLPR), can predict COVID-19 mortality. Elevated NLPR was a dominant predictor of in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Hematology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Inflammation is central to COVID-19 pathophysiology.
  • Complete blood count (CBC) offers insights into inflammatory processes and patient outcomes.
  • Several CBC-derived inflammation indexes exist, but their predictive value for COVID-19 mortality requires further exploration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between various CBC-derived inflammation indexes and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify which inflammation index is the most potent predictor of mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study of 445 COVID-19 patients.
  • Patients were categorized into survivor and non-survivor groups.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined cut-off values, followed by bivariate and logistic regression analyses.

Main Results:

  • Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte × platelet ratio (NLPR), aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were significantly associated with survival outcomes.
  • The neutrophil to lymphocyte × platelet ratio (NLPR) demonstrated the strongest predictive power for in-hospital mortality (OR: 6.668, p = 0.000), with 28.1% sensitivity and 95.9% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • CBC-derived inflammation indexes are significantly associated with survival outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • The neutrophil to lymphocyte × platelet ratio (NLPR) emerged as a dominant and highly specific predictor of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
CBC-derived inflammation indexesCOVID-19NLPRoutcome

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