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Pasteurella multocida polyserositis in growing-finishing pigs.

Manoela M Piva¹, Claiton I Schwertz¹, Ronaldo M Bianchi¹

¹Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Journal of Comparative Pathology

|April 6, 2023

Summary

This study investigated Pasteurella multocida polyserositis in pigs, identifying it as a significant cause of acute illness and sudden death. Findings confirm P. multocida type A strains with the pfhA gene are linked to severe polyserositis in growing-finishing swine.

Keywords:

pneumonia septicaemia serositis swine pathology

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Bacteriology
Swine Health

Background:

Pasteurella multocida is a common secondary agent in swine pneumonia.
Limited studies exist on naturally occurring P. multocida causing primary polyserositis in pigs.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize clinical, pathological, and molecular aspects of P. multocida polyserositis in growing-finishing pigs.
To investigate naturally occurring cases on a commercial farm in Brazil.

Main Methods:

Clinical and gross pathological examination of 17 affected pigs.
Bacteriological isolation of P. multocida from systemic sites.
Molecular typing (genus/species) and detection of the pfhA gene via PCR.

Main Results:

Acute disease (dyspnea, apathy) and sudden death observed.
Widespread fibrinous serositis (abdominal/thoracic cavities), pericarditis, pulmonary consolidation, and splenic infarcts were prevalent.
P. multocida type A, positive for the pfhA gene, was consistently isolated from affected pigs.

Conclusions:

P. multocida is confirmed as a causative agent of polyserositis in growing-finishing pigs.
The identified P. multocida type A strains possess virulence factors like pfhA, contributing to severe pathology.