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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
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Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages
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Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

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MicroRNAs in inflammasomopathies.

Norma Saad1, Isabelle Duroux-Richard1, Isabelle Touitou2

  • 1Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy, INSERM, U1183, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Immunology Letters
|April 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and immune responses. This review explores their emerging role in autoinflammatory diseases (AID), particularly inflammasomopathies, which involve innate immune system overactivation.

Keywords:
Autoinflammatory diseasesCaspase-1FMF, IL-1InflammasomemiRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs are crucial in immune cell proliferation and activation, impacting inflammatory responses.
  • Dysregulated miRNA expression is observed in immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, including autoinflammatory diseases (AID).

Conclusions:

  • Further research into miRNA mechanisms is crucial for understanding inflammasomopathies and AID.
  • miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders.