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Beware of the master masquerader- A case series of cavitary lung disease with hearing loss

V Vinay1, Sandeep Jain1, V Yasir Abdullah1

  • 1Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (NITRD), New Delhi, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|April 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare systemic disease causing inflammation in airways and organs. Early recognition is key, especially with unusual lung and ear symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown cause.
  • It is characterized by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation affecting small to medium-sized blood vessels.
  • GPA commonly involves the lungs, upper airways, and kidneys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present three diverse case studies of GPA.
  • To highlight varied clinical presentations of GPA.
  • To emphasize GPA as a differential diagnosis for specific pulmonary and otologic findings.

Main Methods:

  • Case series review.
  • Clinical presentation analysis.
  • Review of diagnostic considerations.

Main Results:

  • GPA presents with diverse symptoms affecting multiple organ systems.
  • Pulmonary involvement is common, often presenting as cavitary lesions.
  • Ear manifestations, including hearing loss, can occur and may be refractory to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • GPA requires consideration in patients with unexplained cavitary pulmonary lesions and ear symptoms.
  • Timely diagnosis and management are crucial for patients with GPA.
  • Recognizing atypical presentations aids in appropriate patient care.
Keywords:
Cavitary lung diseasediagnostic dilemmagranulomatosis with polyangiitishearing losshemoptysis

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