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Diffuse Capillary Malformation With Overgrowth (DCMO): A Case Report and Literature Review
Sarah M Fageeh1, Omar S Alhothali1, Sara F Alharbi1
1Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Insights
Diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth (DCMO) is a rare condition. This case report details a one-year-old boy diagnosed with DCMO, highlighting its clinical presentation and management.
Area of Science:
- Medical Genetics
- Dermatology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- Diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth (DCMO) is a rare genetic disorder.
- It is characterized by widespread capillary malformations and asymmetric soft tissue overgrowth.
Observation:
- A one-year-old male infant presented with widespread, non-scaly, reticulated erythematous skin patches present since birth.
- Physical examination revealed limb asymmetry, specifically increased calf and thigh circumference in the right leg, and syndactyly of the right second and third toes.
Findings:
- The patient's clinical presentation, including extensive capillary malformations and limb overgrowth, led to a diagnosis of DCMO.
- Differential diagnoses considered were cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC) and macrocephaly-capillary malformation (M-CM) syndrome.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of recognizing the clinical spectrum of DCMO in infants.
- Early diagnosis and orthopedic monitoring are crucial for managing potential growth discrepancies and associated anomalies.
Abstract:
Diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth (DCMO) is a rare condition that is characterized by capillary malformation and soft tissue hypertrophy. Here we report the case of a one-year-old male child with no past medical history who presented with skin lesions persistent since birth and associated with no symptoms. There were widespread non-scaly reticulated erythematous patches all over his body, including the abdominal wall. The circumference of the right calf and mid-thigh was 13 cm and 20 cm respectively whereas the circumference of the left calf and mid-thigh was 11 cm and 18 cm respectively. The length of both lower extremities was similar. There was also syndactyly of the right second and third toes. Differential diagnoses include cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC), DCMO, and macrocephaly-capillary malformation (M-CM) syndrome. Based on clinical features, the patient was diagnosed with DCMO. He was put under follow-up by pediatric orthopedics for periodic monitoring of growth asymmetry.
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