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Higher body mass index after intrapartum antibiotic exposure in children persists over 10-years

Margo A Sidell1, Darios Getahun1,2, Sara Y Tartof1,2

  • 1Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA.

Pediatric Obesity
|April 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for group B strep may increase childhood body mass index (BMI) up to age 10. This association was observed in both vaginal and cesarean deliveries, with higher BMI increases in cesarean births.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is crucial for preventing perinatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease.
  • Potential long-term effects of IAP on child development, particularly metabolic outcomes, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between exposure to IAP and childhood body mass index (BMI) up to 10 years of age.
  • To compare the impact of IAP on BMI in children born via vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study analyzing data on children exposed and unexposed to IAP.
  • BMI measurements were collected and compared at various time points up to age 10 years.

Main Results:

  • Children exposed to IAP showed a persistent increase in BMI at age 10 compared to unexposed children.
  • The increase in BMI was more pronounced in children born via cesarean delivery (0.40 kg/m²) than vaginal delivery (0.14 kg/m²).

Conclusions:

  • Exposure to IAP for GBS prevention is associated with elevated childhood BMI persisting into the second decade of life.
  • The findings suggest a potential metabolic impact of IAP, warranting further research into mechanisms and long-term health implications.

Keywords:
body mass indexchildhood obesitydelivery modegroup B streptococcal diseaseintrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis

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