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Important Factors to Expect the Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Observational Study From a University
Aishah Albakr1, Ahmad Almatar1, Abdullah AlFajri1
1Departments of Neurology.
Insights
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes are often poor. Key predictors of poor outcomes include impaired renal function, low Glasgow Coma Score, and larger hematoma volume, including intraventricular extension.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neurosurgery
- Stroke Medicine
Background:
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with poorer outcomes compared to other stroke types.
- Limited data exists on ICH outcomes specifically within Saudi Arabia.
- Understanding risk factors is crucial for improving patient prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate clinical and imaging determinants of outcomes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH).
- To identify factors associated with favorable versus nonfavorable outcomes in ICH patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of SICH patients from a prospective registry (2017-2019).
- Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes (6-12 months) were recorded.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between SICH characteristics and outcomes.
Main Results:
- 148 patients were included, with 66.2% experiencing unfavorable outcomes.
- Factors linked to unfavorable outcomes included impaired renal function, Glasgow Coma Score <8, hematoma volume, hematoma expansion, and intraventricular extension (IVE).
Conclusions:
- Clinical and radiological features significantly impact long-term functional outcomes in ICH patients.
- Further multicenter studies are needed to validate these findings.
- Identifying these factors can guide strategies to improve SICH patient care.
Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has worse clinical outcomes than other stroke types. The risk factors contributing to ICH outcomes are not entirely understood, and published literature from Saudi Arabia on ICH outcomes is limited. Our goal was to study the specific clinical and imaging determinants of ICH outcomes.
Methods:
We retrospectively retrieved all patients with spontaneous ICH (SICH) from a prospective King Fahd Hospital University registry between 2017 and 2019. The clinical characteristics of ICH events and data on clinical outcomes (6 to 12 mo) were recorded. Groups of patients with a favorable modified Rankin Scale of 0 to 2 and nonfavorable outcomes of a modified Rankin Scale of 3 to 6 were investigated. The relationship between the clinical characteristics of the SICH event and its outcomes was assessed using linear and logistic regression analyses.
Results:
A total of 148 patients with a mean age of 60.3 years (±15.2) and a median follow-up of 9 months were included. Unfavorable outcomes were reported in 98 patients (66.2%). The ICH event variables associated with unfavorable outcomes were impaired renal function, Glasgow Coma Score <8, hematoma volume, hematoma expansion, and intraventricular extension (IVE).
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated important clinical and radiologic features in patients with ICH that may affect their clinical long-term functional outcomes. A larger multicenter study is required to validate our results and evaluate the methods to improve health care in patients with SICH.
