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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Novel Smart Assistance System for Arteriosclerosis Evaluation.

Kun-Der Lin, Bor-Shing Lin, Hung-Yu Sung

    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
    |April 7, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new system using near-infrared spectroscopy noninvasively assesses blood perfusion to detect arteriosclerosis. This smart device offers an inexpensive, accurate (80.26%) method for screening this cardiovascular disease.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Disease Research
    • Medical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Arteriosclerosis involves blood vessel calcification, sclerosis, stenosis, or obstruction, leading to complications like abnormal peripheral blood perfusion.
    • Current diagnostic methods like computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance angiography are costly, operator-dependent, and often require contrast agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel smart assistance system for noninvasive arteriosclerosis assessment using near-infrared spectroscopy.
    • To develop a system capable of monitoring peripheral blood perfusion and evaluating arteriosclerosis status.

    Main Methods:

    • A wireless peripheral blood perfusion monitoring device was developed, integrating near-infrared spectroscopy to track hemoglobin changes and cuff pressure from a sphygmomanometer.
    • Indexes derived from hemoglobin parameters and cuff pressure were defined to estimate blood perfusion.
    • A neural network model was constructed and validated for arteriosclerosis evaluation using the developed system.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in blood perfusion indexes were observed across different groups.
    • The neural network model demonstrated effective arteriosclerosis evaluation with an accuracy of 80.26%.
    • The system integrates simple arteriosclerosis screening and blood pressure measurements via a sphygmomanometer.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed near-infrared spectroscopy system provides a real-time, noninvasive, inexpensive, and easy-to-operate method for arteriosclerosis screening.
    • This smart assistance system holds potential for early detection and management of cardiovascular disease.
    • The system's dual capability for blood perfusion assessment and blood pressure measurement enhances its clinical utility.