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    Body representation significantly impacts time perception. Experiencing virtual reality with higher embodiment, like using an avatar, makes time feel faster compared to low embodiment.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Virtual Reality Research
    • Neuroscience of Time Perception

    Background:

    • Time perception is influenced by situational, emotional, and interoceptive factors.
    • The sense of one's own body (body representation) is a potential modulator of time perception.
    • Previous research has not fully elucidated the direct impact of embodiment on time estimation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between body representation and time perception.
    • To examine how different levels of embodiment in a virtual reality (VR) environment affect time estimation.
    • To determine if the effect of embodiment on time perception is independent of user activity levels.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel Virtual Reality (VR) experiment was designed with varying degrees of user embodiment (low, medium, high avatar presence).
    • Forty-eight participants engaged in a task requiring repeated activation of a virtual object.
    • Participants estimated time interval durations and judged the passage of time across different embodiment conditions.

    Main Results:

    • A significant effect of embodiment on time perception was observed: time passed slower in the low embodiment condition.
    • This effect persisted regardless of the level of participant activity, suggesting independence from task engagement.
    • Duration judgments in both millisecond and minute ranges were not significantly affected by variations in embodiment.

    Conclusions:

    • Body representation, specifically the degree of embodiment, plays a crucial role in modulating the subjective experience of time's passage.
    • The findings suggest that a stronger sense of embodiment leads to a perception of faster time flow.
    • This study provides novel evidence for the body's influence on time perception, independent of motor activity levels.