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In Situ Trapping Strategy Enables a High-Loading Ni Single-Atom Catalyst as a Separator Modifier for a

Hao Sun1, Xin Li1, Taiqiang Chen1

  • 1School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new catalyst to improve lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries by anchoring high-loading nickel single atoms onto an N-doped nanocarbon matrix. This Ni@NNC catalyst enhances electrochemical kinetics, boosting battery performance and enabling stable cycling under demanding conditions.

Keywords:
Li−S batteryin situ trappingnickelseparator modificationsingle-atom catalyst

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Poor electrochemical kinetics of lithium polysulfides hinder lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery development.
  • Nickel single atoms on ZIF-8 derived carbon matrixes show catalytic potential but suffer from low loading due to coordination preferences.
  • Limited Ni doping on ZIF-8 external surfaces restricts the achievable single-atom catalyst density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-loading single-atom catalyst for enhancing Li-S battery performance.
  • To overcome the limitations of Ni coordination in ZIF-8 derived carbon materials.
  • To improve the electrochemical reaction kinetics of lithium polysulfides.

Main Methods:

  • An in situ trapping strategy was employed to synthesize Ni and melamine-codoped ZIF-8 precursor (Ni-ZIF-8-MA).
  • Simultaneous introduction of melamine and Ni during ZIF-8 synthesis reduced particle size and anchored Ni via Ni-N6 coordination.
  • High-temperature pyrolysis of Ni-ZIF-8-MA yielded a high-loading Ni single-atom catalyst (Ni@NNC) on an N-doped nanocarbon matrix.

Main Results:

  • A novel Ni@NNC catalyst with a high loading of 3.3 wt% Ni single atoms was successfully synthesized.
  • The Ni@NNC catalyst demonstrated superior catalytic activity for electrochemical transitions of Li polysulfides.
  • Li-S batteries utilizing Ni@NNC as a separator modifier achieved a high specific capacity (1232.4 mA h g-1 at 0.3 C) and excellent rate capability (814.9 mA h g-1 at 3 C).
  • Stable cycling over 160 cycles with a superior areal capacity (4.6 mA h cm-2) was achieved under challenging conditions (low electrolyte/sulfur ratio, high sulfur loading).

Conclusions:

  • The in situ trapping strategy effectively creates high-density Ni single-atom sites (Ni@NNC) for Li-S batteries.
  • The Ni@NNC catalyst significantly enhances Li polysulfide conversion, leading to improved Li-S battery performance.
  • This work offers a new approach for designing high-loading single-atom catalysts for advanced energy storage applications.