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This study demonstrates prethermal strong Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF) in periodically driven fermionic chains. This groundbreaking work realizes HSF in out-of-equilibrium quantum systems for the first time.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter theory
  • Many-body systems

Background:

  • Understanding quantum systems far from equilibrium is a key challenge.
  • Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF) is a phenomenon observed in certain interacting quantum systems.
  • Previous studies of HSF were limited to equilibrium or specific non-equilibrium conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emergence of strong Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF) in a driven fermionic chain.
  • To realize HSF in an out-of-equilibrium quantum system.
  • To characterize the prethermal regime of HSF and its dependence on drive parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical calculations using Floquet perturbation theory to determine critical drive frequencies.
  • Exact numerical computations for finite fermionic chains.
  • Analysis of entanglement entropy, correlation functions, and density autocorrelation to identify HSF signatures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated prethermal strong Hilbert space fragmentation (HSF) in a driven fermionic chain at specific high-frequency drives.
  • Identified the first realization of HSF in an out-of-equilibrium quantum system.
  • Obtained analytic expressions for critical drive frequencies (ωm*) and confirmed them numerically.

Conclusions:

  • The driven fermionic chain provides a novel platform for studying prethermal HSF out of equilibrium.
  • The observed HSF signatures are robust and characterized by specific drive frequencies and amplitudes.
  • Further research can explore the dynamics and properties of HSF in this driven system.