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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.0K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

1.1K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment00:59

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

1.3K
All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.4K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Electronuclear Transition into a Spatially Modulated Magnetic State in YbRh_{2}Si_{2}.

J Knapp1, L V Levitin1, J Nyéki1

  • 1Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, TW20 0EX, Egham, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|April 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a new magnetic order in Ytterbium Rhodium 2 Silicon 2 (YbRh2Si2) at 1.5 mK, revealing a coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. This finding sheds light on quantum criticality in heavy fermion metals.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • The heavy fermion metal YbRh2Si2 exhibits complex phenomena including antiferromagnetic order, quantum criticality, and superconductivity at low temperatures.
  • Understanding the interplay of these states is crucial for advancing condensed matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of antiferromagnetic order in YbRh2Si2.
  • To explore the coexistence of magnetic order and superconductivity.
  • To characterize the quantum critical behavior of this heavy fermion system.

Main Methods:

  • Heat capacity measurements were performed over a wide temperature range (180 μK–80 mK).
  • Current sensing noise thermometry was employed for precise temperature measurements.
  • Magnetic fields were applied perpendicular to the c-axis to probe magnetic ordering.

Main Results:

  • A sharp heat capacity anomaly at 1.5 mK indicates an electronuclear transition into a spatially modulated electronic magnetic order.
  • The magnetic order has a maximum amplitude of 0.1 μB.
  • Applied magnetic fields suppressed this magnetic order, demonstrating its field dependence.
  • A coexistence of large moment antiferromagnetism with putative superconductivity was observed.

Conclusions:

  • The study identifies a novel electronic magnetic order in YbRh2Si2 at very low temperatures.
  • This discovery provides evidence for the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity in this heavy fermion metal.
  • The findings offer new insights into the quantum criticality and complex phase diagram of YbRh2Si2.