Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

969
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
969
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.1K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.1K
¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns01:13

¹H NMR Signal Multiplicity: Splitting Patterns

5.3K
When protons A and X are coupled, their nuclear spin energy levels are slightly modified. This is because the energy required to excite proton A to a spin state parallel to proton X is slightly different from the energy required for it to become anti-parallel to spin X. Consequently, there are two possible excitation frequencies for A (A1 and A2), depending on the spin state of X, and vice versa. The mutual nature of coupling implies that the difference between frequencies A1 and A2, indicated...
5.3K
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

1.3K
A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...
1.3K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

971
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
971
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

2.1K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantum Error Correction with Superpositions of Squeezed Fock States.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Development and validation of a computer program for histoanatomical morphometric analysis of the bowel wall in children with Hirschsprung's disease.

Diagnostic pathology·2026
Same author

The 2026 guided acoustic waves roadmap.

Journal of physics D: Applied physics·2026
Same author

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer.

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology·2025
Same author

Isolated lumbar extension exercise alone or in a multimodal program for low back pain and radiculopathy: a non-randomized controlled trial.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Histoanatomic Features Distinguishing Aganglionosis in Hirschsprung's Disease: Toward a Diagnostic Algorithm.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.0K

Multipartite Entanglement in a Microwave Frequency Comb.

Shan W Jolin1, Gustav Andersson2,3, J C Rivera Hernández1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.

Physical Review Letters
|April 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved multipartite entanglement in continuous variable systems using a microwave frequency comb. This scalable approach entangled 64 modes, paving the way for larger quantum ensembles.

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.5K
Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

17.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.0K
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
07:56

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.5K
Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

17.1K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Optics
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Multipartite entanglement is crucial for quantum information processing.
  • Continuous variable systems offer scalability advantages over discrete qubits.
  • Josephson parametric amplifiers are promising for generating quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate scalable multipartite entanglement in continuous variable systems.
  • To explore the potential of microwave frequency combs for generating entangled modes.
  • To verify the inseparability of a large number of entangled modes.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of a microwave frequency comb using a Josephson parametric amplifier with a bichromatic pump.
  • Utilizing a multifrequency digital signal processing platform to analyze the comb.
  • Verification of full inseparability in a subset of the entangled modes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of multipartite entanglement in a microwave frequency comb.
  • Identification of 64 correlated modes within the transmission line.
  • Experimental verification of full inseparability for seven entangled modes.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous variable systems, specifically microwave frequency combs, provide a scalable route to multipartite entanglement.
  • The demonstrated method can be extended to generate a larger number of entangled modes.
  • This work advances the development of large-scale quantum systems.