Combination of PDGF-BB and adipose-derived stem cells accelerated wound healing through modulating PTEN/AKT pathway

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been widely proven to facilitate wound healing. Our study aimed to estimate the influence of combined ADSCs and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on wound healing. We utilized 4 healthy SD rats to isolate ADSCs. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was acquired utilizing a two-step centrifugation technology. The role of PRP, PDGF-BB, and PDGF-BB combined with a PI3k inhibitor LY294002 on the viability, migration, and PTEN/AKT pathway in ADSCs were examined utilizing CCK-8, Transwell, and western blot assays. Then, we constructed an open trauma model in SD rats. Effects of ADSCs treated with PDGF-BB on pathological changes, CD31, and PTEN/AKT pathway of wound closure were assessed by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemical, and western blot assays, respectively. PRP and PDGF-BB intensified the viability and migration of ADSCs by modulating the PTEN/AKT pathway. Interestingly, LY294002 reversed the role of PDGF-BB on ADSCs. In vivo experiments, combined intervention with ADSCs plus PDGF-BB/PRP facilitated wound closure and ameliorated histological injury. Moreover, combined intervention with ADSCs and PDGF-BB attenuated the PTEN level and elevated the CD31 level as well as the ratio of p-AKT/AKT in the skin tissues. A combination of ADSCs and PDGF-BB facilitated wound healing might associate with the regulation of the PTEN/AKT pathway.