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Author Spotlight: Flow Cytometric Determination of Pyroptosis in Avian Cells
Published on: May 31, 2024
Progress in the study of molecular mechanisms of cell pyroptosis in tumor therapy
1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Abstract:
Pyroptosis, also known as cellular inflammatory necrosis, is a programmed cell death mediated by the Gasdermin family of proteins. The mechanisms by which pyroptosis occurs are divided into the GSDMD-mediated Caspase-1 and Caspase-4/-5/-11-dependent classical inflammatory vesicle pathway and the GSDME-mediated Caspase-3 and granzyme-dependent non-classical inflammatory vesicle pathways, among others. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis has both inhibitory and promotive effects on tumor development. Pyroptosis induction also plays a dual role in antitumor immunotherapy: on the one hand, it suppresses antitumor immunity by promoting the release of inflammatory factors, and on the other hand, it inhibits tumor cell proliferation by triggering antitumor inflammatory responses. In addition, cell scorching plays an essential role in chemotherapy. It has been found that natural drugs modulating the induction of cell scorch are necessary to treat tumors. Therefore, studying the specific mechanisms of cell pyroptosis in different tumors can provide more ideas for developing oncology drugs. In this paper, we review the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and the role of pyroptosis in tumor development and treatment to provide new targets for clinical tumor treatment, prognosis, and antitumor drug development.
Insights
Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death, has dual roles in tumor development and immunotherapy. Understanding its mechanisms offers new targets for oncology drug development and clinical tumor treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Pyroptosis, or cellular inflammatory necrosis, is a programmed cell death pathway regulated by Gasdermin proteins.
- It involves distinct classical (GSDMD-mediated) and non-classical (GSDME-mediated) inflammatory pathways.
- Pyroptosis exhibits complex roles in tumor progression and antitumor immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis.
- To elucidate the multifaceted role of pyroptosis in tumor development and treatment.
- To identify novel therapeutic targets for clinical oncology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pyroptosis mechanisms.
- Analysis of pyroptosis's dual role in tumor immunity.
- Examination of pyroptosis in chemotherapy and drug development.
Main Results:
- Pyroptosis can either inhibit or promote tumor growth.
- It has a dual impact on antitumor immunotherapy, potentially suppressing or triggering immune responses.
- Cell scorching via pyroptosis is crucial in chemotherapy.
Conclusions:
- Targeting pyroptosis pathways presents new strategies for cancer treatment.
- Further research into pyroptosis mechanisms can guide the development of novel oncology drugs.
- Understanding pyroptosis is key for improving clinical tumor treatment and prognosis.
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