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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

6.0K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
6.0K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

19.3K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
19.3K
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

42.1K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
42.1K
Pressure Gauges01:20

Pressure Gauges

3.5K
Most pressure gauges, like those on scuba tanks, are calibrated to read zero at atmospheric pressure. Readings from such gauges are called the gauge pressure, which is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. When the pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, the gauge reports a positive value. Some gauges are designed to measure negative pressure. For example, many physics experiments must take place in a vacuum chamber, a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped...
3.5K
Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

4.4K
Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
4.4K
States of Matter and Phase Changes00:59

States of Matter and Phase Changes

1.1K
The internal energy of a substance—the total kinetic energy of all its molecules and the potential energy of their associated forces—depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces in the condensed phases and the pressure exerted on the substance. The internal energy of a substance is the highest in the gaseous state, the lowest in the solid state, and intermediate in the liquid state. Phase transitions are caused by changes in physical conditions, such as temperature and...
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High-Sensitivity Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Giga-Pascal Pressures: A New Tool for Probing Electronic and Chemical Properties of Condensed Matter under Extreme Conditions
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A pressure-induced high-pressure metallic GeTe phase.

Lamei Zhao1, Xinran Zhang1, Biao Wan1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

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|April 8, 2023
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Researchers predicted a new Cmca phase for germanium telluride (GeTe) under high pressure. This phase exhibits metallic properties and superconductivity, advancing our understanding of GeTe

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Germanium telluride (GeTe) is a crucial phase-change material with complex high-pressure behavior.
  • Identifying high-pressure GeTe crystal structures is challenging due to phase coexistence and reversible transitions.
  • Experimental characterizations alone provide limited insights into GeTe's high-pressure structural evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the unclear phase transitions of GeTe under high pressure.
  • To predict and characterize new high-pressure phases of GeTe using computational methods.
  • To understand the structural evolution and physical properties of GeTe at extreme pressures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the CALYPSO method for predicting new crystal structures under pressure.
  • Performed first-principles calculations to determine energetic favorability and structural stability.
  • Calculated electron-phonon coupling to assess superconductivity and simulated X-ray diffraction patterns.

Main Results:

  • Predicted a new orthorhombic Cmca GeTe phase as the most stable between approximately 30 and 38.5 GPa.
  • The Cmca phase displays strong metallic properties, evidenced by high density of states and electron delocalization.
  • Calculations indicate superconductivity in the Cmca phase below 4.2 K at 35 GPa, with potential coexistence with the Pnma-boat phase.

Conclusions:

  • The newly predicted Cmca phase updates the known high-pressure phase transition sequence for GeTe.
  • The study reveals significant metallic and superconductive properties of GeTe under high pressure.
  • Findings enhance the understanding of high-pressure structural evolution and properties in GeTe and related IV-VI semiconductors.