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Interventions for reducing blood pressure in prehypertension: A meta-analysis
Wenjing Li1, Hao Liu1, Xinai Wang1
1The School of Graduate, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Frontiers in Public Health
|April 10, 2023
Summary
Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) are recommended for blood pressure control in prehypertension. Lifestyle modification offers long-term benefits, with specific interventions effective for Asian and Caucasian populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Preventive Cardiology
- Evidence-Based Medicine
Background:
- Prehypertension management is crucial for preventing cardiovascular disease.
- Identifying effective interventions for blood pressure control and disease progression is essential.
- This study evaluates interventions for prehypertension based on quality-rated evidence.
Approach:
- A Bayesian network meta-analysis synthesized data from 101 randomized controlled trials.
- Thirty pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were assessed for their effects on blood pressure.
- Subgroup analyses considered intervention duration and participant ethnicity.
Key Points:
- Aerobic exercise (AE) combined with resistance exercise (RE) and DASH demonstrated high-quality evidence for lowering diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
- AE alone also showed high-quality evidence for DBP reduction.
- Lifestyle modification (LSM) provided the best long-term blood pressure lowering effect.
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers, AE, and DASH were effective for systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction.
- Specific interventions like TCD bubble (Asians) and RE (Caucasians) showed potential ethnic-specific benefits.
- Evidence for delaying hypertension progression and reducing mortality was low to very low quality.
Conclusions:
- Combination of AE and RE is preferentially recommended for blood pressure control in prehypertension.
- DASH is a recommended alternative intervention.
- LSM is preferred for long-term blood pressure management.
- TCD bubble and RE are suggested for specific ethnic groups (Asians and Caucasians, respectively).
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