Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients with Controlled and Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Sub-Cohort Analysis from the
Amel Fayed1, Rasmieh Alzeidan2, Roaa Elkouny3
1Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
International Journal of General Medicine
|April 10, 2023
Summary
Diabetes significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, with uncontrolled diabetes posing a 13-fold higher risk compared to non-diabetic individuals. Managing diabetes is crucial for reducing CVD risk.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a growing global health concern.
- Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
- Understanding the interplay between DM and CVD risk is essential for preventative strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the 10-year cardiovascular risk (CVR) using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) in patients with and without diabetes.
- To investigate the impact of diabetes control on CVR.
- To identify risk factors associated with higher CVR in diabetic populations.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 2432 participants with measured glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was analyzed.
- Participants were categorized into non-diabetic, controlled DM (HbA1c<7%), and uncontrolled DM (HbA1c≥7%).
- WHO STEPS and FRS were used for data collection and CVR calculation, followed by comparative analysis.
Main Results:
- Diabetic participants exhibited higher CVR and more risk characteristics than non-diabetic individuals.
- Uncontrolled DM patients presented with poorer clinical profiles and higher CVR.
- Nearly half of controlled DM and two-thirds of uncontrolled DM patients were at intermediate to high CVR, compared to 4.6% of non-diabetics.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes Mellitus significantly elevates cardiovascular disease risk.
- Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with substantially higher CVR and adverse health profiles.
- Effective diabetes management is critical for mitigating cardiovascular risk.
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