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Pericytes: The lung-forgotten cell type.

Annelise T Garrison1, Rebecca E Bignold1, Xinhui Wu1,2,3

  • 1School of Biosciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Physiology
|April 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung pericytes contribute to fibrotic lung diseases like pulmonary arterial hypertension and asthma. Targeting pericyte dysfunction offers potential therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

Keywords:
COPDasthmachronic obstructive pulmonary diseasefibrosispericytepulmonary hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Pulmonology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Pericytes are mesenchymal cells supporting microvessels.
  • They are implicated in lung diseases due to myofibroblast differentiation and fibrosis.
  • Pericyte-extracellular matrix interactions are key in disease processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review lung pericytes' role in fibrotic lung diseases.
  • To detail their interactions with pro-fibrotic mediators.
  • To highlight recent preclinical advances in targeting pericytes for lung diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies and mouse models.
  • Analysis of pericyte involvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), allergic asthma, and COPD.
  • Examination of signaling pathways like TGF-β, CXCR7, CXCR4, and CXCL12/CXCR4.

Main Results:

  • Pericytes contribute to PAH pathology, with therapies targeting TGF-β, CXCR7, and CXCR4 pathways.
  • In asthma, pericyte migration drives airway remodeling, with CXCL12/CXCR4 as a potential target.
  • Pericytes respond to environmental factors relevant to COPD, though direct contribution is unproven.

Conclusions:

  • Pericytes play significant roles in initiating and maintaining chronic lung diseases.
  • Preclinical evidence suggests pericytes are amenable to pharmacological interventions.
  • Further research is needed to confirm if targeting pericytes can treat human lung diseases.