Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 3, 2025

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

19.0K

Disseminated mycobacterial infections after tumor necrosis factor inhibitor use, revealing inborn errors of immunity

Jacqueline D Squire1, Claudia R Libertin2, Harry Powers2

  • 1Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|April 10, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitors increase infection risk. Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) in patients using these drugs may indicate underlying inborn errors of immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) inhibitors are widely used for inflammatory conditions.
  • TNF-a inhibitors are known to increase the risk of infections, including mycobacterial diseases.

Observation:

  • Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections are rare but serious complications.
  • Three patients developed disseminated NTM following treatment with TNF-a inhibitors.

Findings:

  • Genetic analysis revealed inborn errors of immunity in all three patients with disseminated NTM.
  • These genetic conditions likely predisposed the patients to severe NTM infections when immune surveillance was reduced by TNF-a inhibition.

Implications:

  • The findings suggest that patients on TNF-a inhibitors who develop disseminated NTM should be evaluated for inborn errors of immunity.
  • Early identification of these genetic immune deficiencies can guide appropriate management and prevent further opportunistic infections.
Keywords:
ImmunodeficiencyInborn errors of immunityInfliximabMycobacteriaTNF inhibitor

More Related Videos

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear09:20

Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear

Published on: July 3, 2025

472
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

18.9K

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
295
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
387
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
286
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
185
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
220
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
1.1K