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Systems Analysis of the Neuroinflammatory and Hemodynamic Response to Traumatic Brain Injury

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Urban Traumatic Moving Injuries Before and During SARS-CoV-2: A Multilinear Regression Analysis.

Geena Jung¹, Vincent Giordano², Tara Harrington²

¹Trauma Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.

|April 11, 2023

Summary

The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) altered traffic injury patterns, leading to shorter hospital stays for trauma patients. Trauma centers need better preparedness for public health emergencies and injury prevention strategies.

Keywords:

ambulance transport covid 19 general trauma surgery injury mechanism length of hospital stay (los)

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Area of Science:

Trauma Surgery
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted traffic patterns and the nature of trauma injuries.
Shifts in traffic-related traumas were observed globally, necessitating an analysis of their impact on healthcare systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze and predict changes in hospital length of stay (LOS) for patients with traumatic moving injuries.
To compare LOS for trauma patients before and during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US.

Main Methods:

Extracted data on moving injuries (bicycle, pedestrian, motor vehicle/motorcycle) from a hospital trauma registry.
Utilized Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multilinear regression models to analyze the study period (March 1st-October 31st, 2019 vs. 2020).
Assessed the impact of Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS), Injury Severity Scores (ISS), and ICU admissions on hospital LOS.

Main Results:

Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS) and Injury Severity Scores (ISS) significantly influenced hospital LOS in both pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions and trauma service admissions were associated with longer hospital stays, with varying degrees of impact between 2019 and 2020.
Average hospital LOS for traumatic moving injuries decreased from 3.09 days in 2019 to 2.50 days in 2020.

Conclusions:

The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in trauma patient admission patterns and LOS at the studied trauma center.
Trauma centers require enhanced preparedness for managing patient volume fluctuations during public health crises.
Local injury prevention initiatives can mitigate the burden on trauma services during emergencies, enabling better resource allocation for non-trauma care.