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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
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Thioaminal Covalent Adaptable Networks via Thiol-Aldehyde-Amine Multicomponent Polymerization.

Kexiang Chen1, Chenhui Cui1, Zhen Li1

  • 1School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.

ACS Macro Letters
|April 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel adaptable polymer networks using a simple one-pot multicomponent polymerization. These thioaminal covalent adaptable networks (CANs) offer high strength and reprocessability, showcasing a versatile synthesis strategy.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Multicomponent polymerization (MCP) is effective for synthesizing multifunctional polymers under mild conditions.
  • Dynamic covalent bonds are crucial for creating adaptable materials with enhanced properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel covalent adaptable networks (CANs) utilizing dynamic thioaminal covalent bonds.
  • To explore a simple and efficient one-pot MCP strategy for CAN synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • A one-pot thiol-aldehyde-amine multicomponent polymerization was employed.
  • The dynamic behavior of the thioaminal linkage was investigated.
  • Mechanical properties and recyclability of the resulting CANs were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Novel thioaminal CANs were successfully synthesized via a facile MCP approach.
  • The dynamic nature of the thioaminal bonds was confirmed.
  • The CANs demonstrated high tensile strength (up to 45 MPa) and excellent reprocessability, recyclability, and reconfigurable shape memory properties.

Conclusions:

  • The thiol-aldehyde-amine MCP is a versatile and efficient strategy for preparing advanced thioaminal CANs.
  • These materials exhibit promising properties for various applications requiring adaptability and durability.