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Comprehensive methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) evaluation method comparison using a laboratory generation

Simon Aubin^1,2, Loïc Wingert¹, Sébastien Gagné¹

¹Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), Qc, Canada. simon.aubin@irsst.qc.ca.

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|April 11, 2023

Summary

This study compared four methods for measuring airborne methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) aerosols in occupational settings. While most methods showed agreement, the Asset denuder method differed significantly, highlighting challenges in isocyanate sampling.

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Published on: May 22, 2020

Area of Science:

Occupational hygiene
Analytical chemistry
Environmental science

Background:

Isocyanates are hazardous semivolatile contaminants requiring accurate occupational exposure assessment.
Existing standard methods for isocyanate sampling present challenges due to diverse industrial emission characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a baseline comparison of three sampling principles for airborne methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) aerosols.
To evaluate the spatial distribution of collected MDI within different sampling devices.

Main Methods:

Generated pure MDI aerosols (250 nm MMAD) in a laboratory setting (5-60 μg m⁻³).
Measured airborne MDI using four methods: MAMA-Swin, MAMA-37 (cassettes with filters), MP impinger, and DBA denuder (Asset EZ4-NCO).
Analyzed spatial distribution of collected MDI within samplers and employed Bland and Altman analysis for method comparison.

Main Results:

No significant bias was found between most methods, except for the Asset denuder method compared to MAMA-Swin.
Significant correlations were observed between airborne MDI concentrations and their distribution within Asset and impinger samplers.
Impregnated inner walls in closed-face cassettes did not enhance collection efficiency for MDI aerosols.

Conclusions:

The study provides a comparative basis for evaluating isocyanate sampling methods, particularly for complex emissions.
Non-uniform reagent impregnation on filters can impact sampling accuracy.
Further research is needed to optimize sampling strategies for diverse industrial isocyanate emissions.