Animal Transgenesis and Cloning: Combined Development and Future Perspectives.

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Genetics
• Animal Science

Background:

• Animal transgenesis has evolved significantly since 1981, becoming more efficient and accessible.
• Emerging genome editing tools like CRISPR-Cas9 are ushering in a new era of synthetic biology and organism re-engineering.
• Rapid advancements in high-throughput sequencing, DNA synthesis, and artificial genome design are key drivers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the fast-developing biotechnologies revolutionizing animal genetic engineering.
• To explore the synergistic relationship between advanced genetic technologies and animal cloning via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).
• To highlight the applications of these combined technologies in improving livestock, creating disease models, and producing bioproducts.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent advancements in animal transgenesis and genome editing technologies.
• Discussion of the integration of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) with modern genetic engineering techniques.
• Analysis of the symbiotic relationship between high-throughput sequencing, DNA synthesis, and SCNT.

Main Results:

• Genome editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, are accelerating the development of genetically modified organisms.
• The combination of advanced genetic engineering and SCNT facilitates the creation of improved livestock and animal models for human diseases.
• These integrated technologies support the heterologous production of valuable bioproducts for medical use.

Conclusions:

• The convergence of genetic engineering, genome editing, and SCNT represents a biotechnological revolution in animal science.
• SCNT remains a crucial technology for generating animals from genetically modified cells, enabling diverse applications.
• Continued progress in these fields promises further innovation in agriculture, medicine, and biological research.