An assessment of the strategy and status of COVID-19 vaccination in India

Area of Science:

• * Immunology and Virology
• * Pharmaceutical Sciences
• * Public Health

Background:

• * The COVID-19 pandemic has persisted for nearly three years, causing significant global devastation.
• * India has emerged as a leader in clinical trials, vaccine production, and administration for COVID-19.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review the development, clinical evaluation, and registration of COVID-19 vaccines utilized in India.
• * To summarize the status of approved vaccines, their clinical trials, manufacturing, efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.

Main Methods:

• * Comprehensive literature review of recently published data on Indian vaccine and clinical trial sites.
• * Analysis of vaccine types, including protein subunit, RNA/DNA, non-replicating viral vector, and inactivated vaccines.

Main Results:

• * Twelve COVID-19 vaccines are currently approved in India, representing diverse technological platforms.
• * An additional 16 vaccines are undergoing clinical trials, indicating robust research and development efforts.
• * The review covers vaccine efficacy, safety profiles, and immunogenicity data for approved vaccines.

Conclusions:

• * India's diverse vaccine portfolio provides strategic options against viral immune resistance and mutations.
• * The findings offer a consolidated overview of the COVID-19 vaccine landscape in India, crucial for public health strategies.